☆まず、解説付きを聞きましょう!
毎日の聞き流しは次のテキスト(英語・日本語交じり)だけでも大丈夫です。
1.英語
Hinamatsuri: The Doll Festival
Hinamatsuri, or the Doll Festival, is a special day in Japan. It is celebrated on March 3rd every year. This festival is also called “Girls’ Day.” On this day, families with daughters pray for their girls’ health, happiness, and success.
The History of Hinamatsuri
Hinamatsuri has a long history. It started over 1,000 years ago during the Heian period (794-1185). People believed that dolls could take away bad luck and sickness. They used to make paper dolls and float them down the river. This custom was called “hina-nagashi.” Over time, this tradition changed, and people began displaying beautiful dolls in their homes instead.
The Hina Dolls
One of the most important parts of Hinamatsuri is the hina doll display. Families set up a platform covered with a red cloth. The platform has many levels, and each level holds different dolls.
At the top level, there are two dolls: the Emperor and the Empress. They wear traditional Heian-style clothes. Behind them, there is often a golden folding screen.
The second level has three court ladies. They are holding sake cups and serving drinks.
On the third level, there are five male musicians. Each musician plays a different instrument.
The fourth level has two ministers. One is old, and the other is young. They hold bows and arrows.
The fifth level has three servants. They have different expressions: one is laughing, one is crying, and one is angry.
Some hina displays also have small furniture, miniature food, and tiny decorations.
Special Foods for Hinamatsuri
On Hinamatsuri, people eat special foods. One popular dish is chirashizushi. This is sushi rice topped with colorful ingredients like shrimp, egg, and vegetables.
Another traditional food is hishimochi. This is a diamond-shaped rice cake with three layers. The colors are pink, white, and green. Pink represents good health, white stands for purity, and green means growth.
People also drink shirozake, a sweet white rice wine. Children drink a similar non-alcoholic version called amazake.
Hina-arare, colorful rice crackers, are another favorite treat. They come in pink, white, green, and yellow colors.
Customs and Beliefs
There are some important customs related to Hinamatsuri. One belief is that families must put away the hina dolls quickly after March 3rd. If they leave the dolls out too long, people say that the daughter will have trouble getting married.
Some regions still practice hina-nagashi. People place small paper dolls on boats and let them float down the river. They believe this carries away bad luck and protects the girls.
How People Celebrate Today
Today, Hinamatsuri is a happy event for families. Parents and grandparents give their daughters gifts. Some families hold small parties with friends. Girls wear beautiful kimono, and everyone enjoys the festival together.
Conclusion
Hinamatsuri is a special tradition that brings families together. It is a time to celebrate girls’ happiness and future. The beautiful hina dolls, delicious food, and fun customs make this festival a wonderful part of Japanese culture. Every year on March 3rd, families enjoy this day and hope for their daughters to grow up healthy and happy.
2.英語/日本語交じり文
Hinamatsuri: The Doll Festival
Hinamatsuri, or the Doll Festival, is a special day in Japan(ひな祭りは、日本の特別な日です). It is celebrated on March 3rd every year(毎年3月3日に祝われます. This festival is also called “Girls’ Day.”( この祭りは「女の子の日」とも呼ばれます) On this day, families with daughters (この日、娘のいる家庭は) pray for their girls’ health, happiness, and success(女の子の健康、幸福、成功を願います).
The History of Hinamatsuri
Hinamatsuri has a long history(ひな祭りには長い歴史があります). It started over 1,000 years ago during the Heian period [794-1185](それは1,000年以上前の平安時代[794-1185]に始まりました. People believed that dolls could take away bad luck and sickness(人々は、人形が厄や病気を取り除いてくれると信じていました. They used to make paper dolls (昔は紙の人形を作り) and float them down the river(川に流していました). This custom was called “hina-nagashi.” (この風習は「ひな流し」と呼ばれていました) Over time, this tradition changed(時が経つにつれ、この伝統は変化し), and people began displaying beautiful dolls in their homes instead(美しい人形を家に飾るようになりました).
The Hina Dolls
One of the most important parts of Hinamatsuri is the hina doll display(ひな祭りで最も重要な要素の一つがひな人形の飾り付けです). Families set up a platform covered with a red cloth(家庭では赤い布を敷いた壇を設置します). The platform has many levels(その壇にはいくつもの段があり), and each level holds different dolls(それぞれ異なる人形が飾られます).
At the top level, there are two dolls: the Emperor and the Empress(最上段には二体の人形があり、それは天皇と皇后です). They wear traditional Heian-style clothes(彼らは伝統的な平安装束を着ています). Behind them( その後ろには), there is often a golden folding screen(金色の屏風が置かれることが多いです).
The second level has three court ladies(二段目には三人の宮廷女官がいます). They are holding sake cups and serving drinks(彼女たちは杯を持ち、お酒を注いでいます).
On the third level, there are five male musicians(三段目には五人の楽人がいます). Each musician plays a different instrument(それぞれ異なる楽器を演奏しています).
The fourth level has two ministers(四段目には二人の大臣がいます). One is old, and the other is young(一人は年老いており、もう一人は若いです). They hold bows and arrows(彼らは弓矢を持っています).
The fifth level has three servants(五段目には三人の従者がいます). They have different expressions: one is laughing, one is crying, and one is angry(彼らの表情はそれぞれ異なり、一人は笑い、一人は泣き、一人は怒っています).
Some hina displays also have small furniture, miniature food, and tiny decorations(ひな壇には小さな家具や、ミニチュアの食べ物、飾りなどが含まれることもあります).
Special Foods for Hinamatsuri
On Hinamatsuri, people eat special foods(ひな祭りには特別な食べ物が用意されます). One popular dish is chirashizushi(人気のある料理の一つはちらし寿司です). This is sushi rice topped with colorful ingredients like shrimp, egg, and vegetables(これは、エビや卵、野菜などの色とりどりの具材をのせた寿司飯です).
Another traditional food is hishimochi(もう一つの伝統的な食べ物は菱餅です). This is a diamond-shaped rice cake with three layers(これは三層になったひし形の餅です). The colors are pink, white, and green(色はピンク、白、緑です). Pink represents good health, white stands for purity, and green means growth(ピンクは健康、白は純潔、緑は成長を表します).
People also drink shirozake, a sweet white rice wine(また、白酒という甘い米の酒も飲まれます). Children drink a similar non-alcoholic version called amazake(子供たちは、アルコールを含まない甘酒を飲みます).
Hina-arare, colorful rice crackers, are another favorite treat(ひなあられという色とりどりの米菓も人気のお菓子です). They come in pink, white, green, and yellow colors(ピンク、白、緑、黄色などの色があります).
Customs and Beliefs
There are some important customs related to Hinamatsuri(ひな祭りにはいくつかの重要な風習があります). One belief is (その一つに) that families must put away the hina dolls quickly after March 3rd(3月3日を過ぎたらすぐにひな人形を片付けるべきだというものがあります). If they leave the dolls out too long(人形を長く飾っておくと), people say that the daughter will have trouble getting married(娘の結婚が遅れると言われています).
Some regions still practice hina-nagashi(一部の地域では、今でもひな流しが行われています). People place small paper dolls on boats (人々は小さな紙の人形を船に乗せ) and let them float down the river(川に流します). They believe this carries away bad luck (これによって厄が払われ) and protects the girls(女の子が守られると信じられています).
How People Celebrate Today
Today, Hinamatsuri is a happy event for families(今日では、ひな祭りは家族にとって楽しいイベントです). Parents and grandparents give their daughters gifts(両親や祖父母は娘に贈り物をします). Some families hold small parties with friends(一部の家庭では、友人と小さなパーティーを開きます). Girls wear beautiful kimono, and everyone enjoys the festival together.(女の子たちは美しい着物を着て、皆でお祭りを楽しみます).
Conclusion
Hinamatsuri is a special tradition that brings families together(ひな祭りは家族を結びつける特別な伝統です). It is a time to celebrate girls’ happiness and future(これは、女の子の幸福と未来を祝う日です). The beautiful hina dolls, delicious food, and fun customs (美しいひな人形、おいしい食べ物、楽しい風習が) make this festival a wonderful part of Japanese culture(この祭りを日本文化の素晴らしい一部にしています). Every year on March 3rd(毎年3月3日), families enjoy this day and hope for their daughters to grow up healthy and happy(家族はこの日を楽しみ、娘が健康で幸せに成長することを願います).
3.覚えたい英単語
英単語
① Hinamatsuri
発音記号: [hiːnəˈmɑːtsuːri]
日本語訳: ひな祭り
② doll
発音記号: [dɔːl]
日本語訳: 人形
③ festival
発音記号: [ˈfɛstəvəl]
日本語訳: 祭り
④ celebrate
発音記号: [ˈsɛləˌbreɪt]
日本語訳: 祝う
⑤ tradition
発音記号: [trəˈdɪʃən]
日本語訳: 伝統
⑥ history
発音記号: [ˈhɪstəri]
日本語訳: 歴史
⑦ custom
発音記号: [ˈkʌstəm]
日本語訳: 風習、習慣
⑧ display
発音記号: [dɪˈspleɪ]
日本語訳: 展示する、飾る
⑨ platform
発音記号: [ˈplætfɔːrm]
日本語訳: 壇、台
⑩ Emperor
発音記号: [ˈɛmpərər]
日本語訳: 天皇
⑪ Empress
発音記号: [ˈɛmprəs]
日本語訳: 皇后
⑫ court lady
発音記号: [kɔːrt ˈleɪdi]
日本語訳: 宮廷女官
⑬ minister
発音記号: [ˈmɪnɪstər]
日本語訳: 大臣
⑭ servant
発音記号: [ˈsɜːrvənt]
日本語訳: 従者、召使い
⑮ food
発音記号: [fuːd]
日本語訳: 食べ物
⑯ rice cake
発音記号: [raɪs keɪk]
日本語訳: 餅
⑰ belief
発音記号: [bɪˈliːf]
日本語訳: 信念、考え
⑱ kimono
発音記号: [kɪˈmoʊnoʊ]
日本語訳: 着物
⑲ decorate
発音記号: [ˈdɛkəˌreɪt]
日本語訳: 飾る
⑳ happiness
発音記号: [ˈhæpɪnəs]
日本語訳: 幸福
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